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Self-Esteem Among Street Children in Chennai City
The phenomenon of street children is recent. It is claimed that the Latin American countries the first to recognize in their cities, as the phenomenon of a magnitude and size that warrants the attention of all concerned. However, the problem of children Street is a worldwide and exists in both, developed and developing countries, with a difference in their size and magnitude. These countries have some micro-level type of rehabilitation measures. But much remains to be done in this field.
The street children is a tremolo – shaking uncontrollably as a result of anxiety, emotion or weakness that often highlights a certain set of work and living conditions rather than personal and social characteristics of children individual themselves. Very often, children in these conditions are victims of stereotypes such as "juvenile delinquents" by the public and authorities . The term "street children" should refer to all children working on the streets of urban areas, without reference to time spent there or the reasons to be there. "(National Workshop on street children, 29 and 30 August 1998)
The other terminologies for street children have been using,
"Unaccompanied children"
"High-risk children"
"Children not registered"
"Children who need care and protection"
"Abandoned children"
UNICEF has called "children in difficult circumstances difficult. "
Around the world the terminology of the street children involved in different
forms as follows,
In Naples, "SCUGIZZO" is derived from the work for spinning – more than ever
more.
In Peru, the "Bird Fruit" (bird fruit) earns its name looking out for the police in the marketplace.
In Colombia "Gamin" (for children) is borrowed from the French, but has a very negative connotation. The same world that appears in Rwanda in the form "SALIGOMAN (gamin Sale, nasty boy.)
In Zaire, street children are "Moineaux" (sparrows)
In Cameroon, "Poussins" (Girls) to field workers, moustiques "(mosquitoes) to the police. Others have proposed the term "twilight children" to suggest his frail condition and undefined.
The ruling, however, tends to be more prudent and refers to the street. "irregular Children" euphemistically children and therefore children of the street is a vulnerable and high – risk group in society. According to UNICEF, can be classified into three categories as follows.
Street children in the streets (children continuous family contact)
Street Children of the Street (children with the occasional family contact)
abandoned and neglected children (children without family)
One of the negative consequences of urbanization in the world, particularly in developing countries is the existence of a large part of urban life in neighborhoods poor and the sidewalks of many families find shelter. The forces of modernization and industrialization and urbanization, coupled with the dire state of poverty have adversely affected family life.
Illiteracy, broken family, treatment III, "the father left, the death of parents and orphans and poverty is the key factor that forced them to flee from home and living on the streets in major metropolitan cities, especially in Chennai. The population of street children in Chennai is about 1,00,000 Most street children are school dropouts.
Most of the time living on the streets without basic needs General food, clothing and housing, the psychological needs of love, protection and recognition and social needs of social interaction, acceptance and maturity. They are not able to get the attention and support of family and society.
Condition of street children
The most vulnerable children are out of control and girls living in the train station, bus station, market, sidewalks, streets and picking up odd jobs such as rag cup collection, coolie, begging, cleaning the rail boogies, hotels, etc. These small children are on the sidewalk and the street with the sky as their shelter and no one to care with love and affection.
The condition of street children is a sad reality that this sector of the population are neglected, delinquent and neglected are for. This is a new and rapidly growing group of vulnerable children, disadvantaged and exploited in our cities.
Chennai NGO Forum for street children workers conducted a survey of street children in 1996 with support from UNICEF. This survey was conducted with the following objective:
To enumerate the number of children of children who were in the street in the city of Chennai.
To know the conditions of street children in Chennai city
About the basis of the survey, it is estimated that the number of street children in Chennai city would be about 75, 000. If one were to include children under 6 years and adolescents on the street, people would be as high as 1.5 lakhs. They were covered by the survey, only 6 to 18 children.
Most of them make a living doing odd jobs such as rag harvesting, recycling of garbage, shining shoes, washing cars and the like. Their employers often exploit them sexually. Moreover, most economic activities of street children are controlled territories, each one is guarded tightly by its members, backlash if threatened. In this struggle for the survival of the competition is cutthroat and only the fittest survive. To survive, working for three hours average day, either morning or evening, and their income to meet their daily expenses. Anytime you need money up front for expenses, which are owners of the store for waste paper that sold its waste collection only to that particular store.
Little Shop of waste paper is also its stay out after work. During his spare time, go to the movies, usually drugs, tablets and injection and at night have sex with local sex workers a cheaper rate. This implies the risk of contracting AIDS and its transmission. Homosexuals have habits. The drugs used includes brown sugar.
Family history
Most street children living on the streets away from his family because some of the following reasons, abuse, violence, poverty, broken families, peer pressure group, points of interest in the life of the city, not like studies, frustration, orphans and others.
These street children have no one to care for them except their coworkers who live in streets. Because they are outside of the home environment and school, the informal social control can play a role in his life in the formation of character and behavior of these children.
The changes mentioned above have been affecting street children very deeply self-esteem. Self-esteem refers to the extent that they waiting to be accepted and valued by adults and peers who are important to them. Although self-esteem has been studied for over 100 years, scholars and Educators continue to debate its precise nature and development. But generally agree that parents and other adults who are important to children play an important role in establishing a solid foundation for the development of a child.
What is self – esteem?
When parents and teachers of young children speak of the need for good self – esteem, usually means that children should have "Good feelings" about themselves. With young children, children self-esteem refers to the extent that they expect to be accepted and valued by adults and peers who are important to them.
Children with healthy self – esteem feel that the important adults in their lives accept them, care about them, and out of his way to make sure they are safe and well. They feel that adults be upset if anything happened to them and miss them if they were separated. Children with low self – esteem, on the other hand, feel that the important adults and peers in your life do not agree, do not worry about them much and did not go out of their way to ensure their safety and welfare.
During its early years, young children self-esteem is based largely on their perception of how the important adults in their lives judge them. The extent to which children believe they have the characteristics valued by adults and peers in their lives figures greatly in the development of self – esteem. For example, in families and communities the value of athletics high-capacity, children who excel in athletics is likely to have a high level of self – esteem, whereas children who are less athletic or who are criticized being physically inept or clumsy are likely to suffer from low self – esteem.
Families, communities and ethnic and cultural groups vary in the criteria that self – esteem in base.
Children with self-esteem
Maintenance of self – esteem necessary to live every human being. Is the daily food of emotional health. Mother Teresa said that "each of us has a mission, a mission to live, but must begin in our homes …. In the place where we are with the people closest to us, and then out "
To build self-esteem in children, creating opportunities for success This provides a self – image are all important influences in a child's healthy development.
Low self-esteem that damage a child's image itself may interfere with the child's ability to learn and relate.
To improve self-esteem of a child is to be a positive force in a relationship love and thereby make a valuable contribution to the world.
Many parents are unwittingly helping their children to fail and have low self-esteem.
In We must first define what each child needs. All children need to get parental consent.
their own sense or personality
for his sense of proven ability
by their sense of individuality
to establish realistic performance goals
to provide a framework for meaningful values
Typical sources of low self-esteem in children
In most cases, low self-esteem in children stems from unfortunate childhood experiences. The greatest gift parents can give our children self-esteem is strong. When we are not able to give you unconsciously build a low self-esteem in our children.
A parent's own low self-esteem is a model for the child
A child's lack of recognition and appreciation by parents and others as an intrinsic value and individual important, can damage your self-esteem. Phrases like "The child should be seen and heard, not" mother knows best ", etc show that the child needs feelings, desires and opinions are given due consideration.
A child sometimes makes self-critical comparisons of himself with his own age, whom he admired for his strength and skill, popularity, confidence and achievements. To make matters worse, their parents, relatives and friends compared unfavourite brother or sister. This dominates the child with the devastating sense of inferiority.
A child feels inadequate because they are encouraged and motivated to be independent, to do what I can for yourself – Take responsibility for your ability as he grows in age and experience. The child is taught to think for himself.
The misconceptions values, and the reactions of a child's parents, teachers and peers, causing him to identify with their actions. For example, Mohan, whose mother had a migraine severe, is a "bad guy" because he locked the door. Whereas in reality it was only natural exuberance and lack of awareness that led to the act. This can load the child with self-condemnation, shame, guilt and remorse.
Harsh and demanding parents set reasonable standard, often before raising the child has developed the ability to cope. Parents can also bring their children to reasonable criticism, harsh and abusive and / or inconsistent punishment. These actions cause frustration early, defeatism, and a destructive sense of inadequacy and inferiority.
A child who is pushed beyond capacity for the needs of parents for a vicarious sense of worth and importance through the achievements of the child often has a profound sense of inadequacy and lack of merit in the child.
The rivalry and emulation of success of a very bright or gifted brother or sister, or parent with exceptional talent and often highlighted generates a deep feeling of hopelessness and inferiority.
An unflattering looking kid physically and / or apparel "likely" perhaps more physical, mental or emotional handicaps damage your sense of self.
A child raised on the basis of "reward and punishment", in Instead of being motivated by understanding and allowed to make their own mistakes and to accept and resolve, so suffer low self-esteem develops.
position adverse economic, social, cultural or ethnic parents and families often invited to write-downs and ridicule.
More office, over permissiveness, and exercising excessive control by one or both parents, feeds a sense of the United Nations – the importance and lack of self-esteem in children.
A serious guilt is often induced by the material wealth of a fund or rich.
Place high value on money, accomplishments, and the thing rather than the individuals and their innate value, can prevent or destroy your self – esteem.
Repeated defeats and failures can destroy your sense of self and result in one or both ends. The child can become a dropout or society, or can become a compulsive over achiever in a desperate attempt to "prove themselves"
Procrastination and lack of self – discipline, taking the path of least resistance, tend to destroy the self esteem and sense of worth.
The lack of sense of meaning and purpose in life, clear goals and objectives, are opposed to sound self – esteem, self-key High – estimated.
The secret to inner peace lies in self – assertion.
Need for the study
Lead to the end, many studies have focused on street children situation analysis, case studies and a study on street children in the independent variation of sex, age, education relationship between the father and mother were conducted.
However, no study was carried out in connection with the street children of self – esteem and so I had this problem for my studio project. Because Street children are the important component of developing countries. but not in the mainstream of society. that neglect of the family, schools and settings social, even they are having positive self – esteem about yourself that is not recognized by the existing social system. the perception of street children into society is a negative.
Summery and Conclusion
Many psychologists say that our image is affected by all such experiences. We have successes, failures, praise, record their personal experiences, our hope and expectation of the rest of us.
In 1657, Augustine Baker, a theologian and mystic monk Benedictine declared "self – esteem, self-judgment and self – will" be no requirement of independence, the term had been used by American scholars and the ancient Greeks, Plato, Aristotle and others. Synonyms are synonymous "self", "self-consequence", "equilibrium "," Trust "," guarantee "," Pride "or" self-sufficiency. Antonyms are "self – doubt" and "self – effacement" of "self-hatred" and "shame."
Therefore, self-esteem is a critical message that unites the various operational aspects. Low self – esteem has been linked to confusion and disruption with a building system. Apparently, the low level of questioning derived networks developed to test the construction of others does not imply that the low level of interrogation found when the networks are based on building himself.
No society can afford to ignore the street children. They are the future of society. They must be integrated with mainstream development social and have the opportunity to grow in a good mental and physical health in an appropriate social environment.
The focus of human resource development has to be applied dealing with the whole team, and is certain that, given all the opportunities of development, in turn, can contribute greatly to the Development Round of the whole society.
This study was performed to evaluate primarily the level of self – esteem among street children and school to determine the possible reasons for higher or lower self – esteem.
Objective
Examining the level of self – esteem among street children and school.
Objective
For the level of self – esteem among school children girls and street children.
To determine the level of self-esteem among children between street children and children from school.
To develop recovery and recommend measures for improving the low elf esteem of street children.
Hypotheses
No significant difference between the school and street children on their level of self – esteem.
There will be significant differences between street children and girls in their level of self – esteem.
No significant difference between street children and school children on their level of self – esteem.
No significant difference between street children and girls school in their level of self – esteem.
No significant difference between school children and girls in their level of self – esteem.
Sampling
Using random sampling method for the study of 120 school children and street children were selected among the 120 children, 60 were male and 60 were girls. Ages ranged 12 to 17 years. Justification for selection of age, children under 12 years children are able to recognize and express their self – esteem correctly, so that more 12 years has been selected for the study.
Tool used
The rate of self-esteem by Walter W. Hudson was found to be the most suitable for measuring the self – esteem levels. The total questionnaire is 25
Statistical analysis
The date collected is analyzed, the average deviation standard value 't' was created to test hypotheses
Results
The level of self – esteem of children of school age is lower than the level of street children, ie street children had high level of self – esteem.
No gender difference in the level of self-esteem of street children.
The level of self-esteem of street children is higher than boys in school.
The level of self – esteem of girls the street is higher than girls to school.
The level of self – esteem of girls in school is higher than children from school.
Conclusion
An analysis of data collected is being done, to the following conclusion has been reached a. The level of self – esteem identified by school children is lower that the level of street children, who were street children means having a high level of self – esteem. The level of self – esteem developed by children of the street children and girls is the same. The self-esteem built up by street children is higher than boys of the school. The level of self – esteem indicated by the girls from street is higher than girls to school.
Limitations
The sample was limited only in the age group 12 to 17 years
street and school children.
It did so only in the city of Chennai.
The sample size was small.
The self-esteem questionnaires was given to street children and school children separately.
Study implications
One of the first steps in promoting healthy self – esteem in children is: to establish good relations with them. People in good relationships, is ultimately what the world is. The relationships that are mutually loving and caring, honest and create an atmosphere support for healthy human growth and high self – esteem.
Emotionally, children are easily threatened by someone bigger, older or more secure not yet possess the well – developed defended adults tend to have the children's sense of self is still fragile and easily vulnerable down. For example, children often do not understand the significant difference chronological age can make in your performance. younger children may feel stupid because his older brothers seem more intelligent. do not realize older children have had more time than learning abilities, physical growth, the more control muscles, more practice and experience in the sport horse, school, arts and so on. younger children must understand that they can be years ago in the eye, but not necessarily intelligence.
When they reach the threats of others, who think of themselves as unlovable, incompetent, unimportant and misfits wanted. threat brings on feelings of shame, insecurity, failure and fear abounds inside. So the threat is too avoided.
What adults can do to improve self – esteem in children?
Recognize the right of children to the emotions.
Provides outlets for feelings strong.
allow time for strong feelings to cool.
connect the same with their emotions.
help relieve the physical stress of some things.
demonstrate that it can accept even undesirable.
encourage children to talk to other adults.
help children by telling stories.
what parents can do?
Apart from this, to build a large self – esteem in children, parents need a.
Be an example of self – worth, self – the p love and self-celebration.
Respect your child as a single ever – miracle to-be-repeated good.
Take your child feel loved, valued and respected for his own me.
Make your child responsible for his actions and behavior.
Help your child feels able to accomplish things on their own.
Show your child each day is full of joy and wonderful experiences.
Give sincere praise and appreciation for all the good experiences.
Let your child find the same through its direction. Do not make him a seal or rubber robot yourself.
Invest time and energy to help your child achieve greatness.
Lead your child to improve each case, not compete with others who may be more beautiful or more intelligent rich. these are the false standards of greatness and make a whole, but I feel like a loser to winner in which it is doing everything possible for their own good. Be consistent in their discipline and take your child to agree as to the appropriate behavior. Empress praise for good conduct and not destroy the value of praise for the retention of praise when misconduct occurs. Teach children not to use self-humiliation Teach how to give same temperature of self – support of self – worth, and self – assurance.
Parents can play an important role in strengthening children's self – esteem try to respect fully, taking their views and opinions seriously, and expressing appreciation to them above all, parents should be aware that self – esteem is an important part of development of each child.
About the Author
he is a development workers in India
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